Peptide index

Small-molecule nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) inhibitor (not a peptide; commonly sold in peptide-market channels)

Two-component blend - 5-Amino-1-methylquinolinium (5-A1MQ; selective NNMT inhibitor small molecule) + NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)

β-carboline alkaloid (small molecule); proposed dopamine system upregulator

Synthetic N-acetylated 25-residue peptide derived from Annexin A1 N-terminus

Recombinant human activin receptor type IIB extracellular domain — IgG1 Fc fusion protein

Synthetic N-acetylated hexapeptide; INCI 'Acetyl Hexapeptide-8'; SNAP-25 mimic / SNARE-targeting cosmetic peptide

Synthetic acetylated tetrapeptide; INCI 'Acetyl Tetrapeptide-11'; tenascin-X / dermal density cosmetic peptide

Synthetic acetylated tetrapeptide; INCI 'Acetyl Tetrapeptide-2'; thymus-derived cosmetic peptide

Synthetic acetylated tetrapeptide; INCI 'Acetyl Tetrapeptide-5'; periorbital edema / under-eye cosmetic peptide

Synthetic acetylated tetrapeptide; INCI 'Acetyl Tetrapeptide-9'; dermal density cosmetic peptide

Synthetic 24-residue N-terminal fragment of ACTH (corticotropin); MC2R agonist

Pro-drug of modafinil (small molecule, hydroxyamide of modafinil)

Copper-binding tripeptide; alanyl-histidyl-lysine copper complex (analog of GHK-Cu)

Synthetic AMP-mimetic small molecule; AMPK activator (acadesine)

Recombinant GLP-1-(7-37) fusion to human serum albumin (long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist)

Cholinergic precursor (small molecule, glycerylphosphorylcholine)

Endogenous 37-residue islet amyloid polypeptide; co-secreted with insulin from beta-cells; CTR/RAMP-amylin receptor agonist

Non-peptide ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a) agonist (small molecule)

Endogenous 28-residue atrial natriuretic peptide; NPR-A receptor agonist

Modified fragment of human growth hormone amino acids 176-191

11-amino-acid peptide derived from erythropoietin; innate repair receptor (IRR) agonist

Modified single-chain relaxin-2 analog; biased RXFP1 receptor agonist

Selective mitochondrial protonophore uncoupler (small molecule)

Endogenous neurotrophin (TrkB receptor ligand); recombinant

Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (TGF-β superfamily ligand)

Endogenous 32-residue B-type natriuretic peptide; NPR-A agonist; ventricular myocyte source

Synthetic 15-amino-acid pentadecapeptide

Multi-component research-peptide blend

Synthetic cyclic heptapeptide analog of alpha-MSH; non-selective melanocortin receptor agonist

Khavinson-tradition tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Leu); proposed bronchial epithelium bioregulator

Long-acting amylin analog; AMY1/2/3 receptor agonist

Fixed-ratio coformulation: cagrilintide (amylin agonist) plus semaglutide (GLP-1 agonist)

32-amino-acid peptide hormone; calcitonin receptor agonist; salmon-derived form is most clinically used

Synthetic salmon calcitonin analog (32-residue peptide)

Endogenous 37-residue calcitonin gene-related peptide; CGRP receptor (CALCRL/RAMP1) agonist

Non-peptide ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a) agonist (spiroindoline class)

Khavinson-tradition tripeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp); proposed cardiac muscle bioregulator

Khavinson-tradition tripeptide; proposed cartilage bioregulator

Porcine-brain-derived peptide preparation (low-molecular-weight neuropeptides plus free amino acids)

Khavinson-tradition cardiac muscle bioregulator (variant)

Khavinson-tradition urinary bladder muscle bioregulator (KE-class)

Endogenous 33-residue gut peptide; CCK-A and CCK-B receptor agonist; full-length form (the 8mer sincalide is the synthetic clinical analog)

Khavinson-tradition tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Gly); proposed chondrogenic / bronchopulmonary bioregulator

CDP-choline (small molecule, nucleotide-choline conjugate)

Tetrasubstituted GHRH(1-29) analog; DAC variant covalently binds albumin for extended half-life

Two-component vendor blend — CJC-1295 (with or without DAC; vendors vary) plus ipamorelin (selective GHS-R1a hexapeptide)

Modified human GHRH(1-29) analog with drug-affinity-complex (DAC) maleimide group for covalent albumin binding

Tetrasubstituted human GHRH(1-29) analog (D-Ala2, Gln8, Ala15, Leu27)

Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone); injectable research-grade preparation; mitochondrial electron transport cofactor

Khavinson-tradition tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro); proposed cerebral cortex bioregulator

Endogenous somatostatin-family neuropeptide; binds somatostatin receptors SSTR1 through SSTR5 with comparable affinity to somatostatin, plus the ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a) and (in mast cells) MrgX2 — a broader receptor profile than somatostatin

Khavinson-tradition tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Pro); proposed immune bioregulator

Oral small-molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist (Pfizer)

7-amino-acid peptide (Tyr-D-Ala-Phe-Gly-Tyr-Pro-Ser-NH2) from amphibian skin; mu-opioid agonist

Synthetic analog of vasopressin; selective V2-receptor agonist

Synthetic hexapeptide; angiotensin IV analog

Synthetic snake-venom mimetic dipeptide; Waglerin-1-derived; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist; INCI 'Dipeptide Diaminobutyroyl Benzylamide Diacetate'

9-amino-acid peptide isolated from rabbit brain in 1977

GLP-1 analog fused to IgG4 Fc fragment; long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist

Dual 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor (type 1 and type 2; small molecule)

Biased GLP-1 receptor agonist (functional selectivity for cAMP over beta-arrestin)

Long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist with glucagon receptor selectivity (Hanmi/Sanofi)

Recombinant human epidermal growth factor; EGFR ligand

Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM); trans-isomer of clomiphene citrate

Khavinson-tradition extended pineal bioregulator (AEDG-related; epitalon analog)

Synthetic tetrapeptide Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly

Synthetic version of exendin-4 (Gila monster saliva); GLP-1 receptor agonist

Racetam-class nootropic (small molecule); proposed mGluR3 / Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist

Recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor; FGFR1c agonist (and FGFR2/3/4 binding)

Endogenous fibroblast growth factor 21; beta-Klotho/FGFR1c receptor complex agonist

Selective 5-alpha-reductase type 2 inhibitor (small molecule)

Two-component blend — recombinant follistatin (FST-315 or FST-344, vendor-dependent) plus B-vitamin complex (composition varies)

Native follistatin short isoform (315 residues; predominant circulating form)

Native follistatin long isoform (344 residues; high heparan sulfate binding, tissue-retained)

D-amino-acid retro-inverso peptide designed to interfere with FOXO4-p53 interaction

Endogenous neurotrophin (TGF-beta superfamily; RET receptor signalling); recombinant

Native tripeptide glycyl-histidyl-lysine (GHL); copper-free form

Naturally occurring tripeptide (Gly-His-Lys) complexed with copper(II)

Endogenous 28-residue peptide hormone (octanoylated at Ser3) — primary GHS-R1a ligand

Synthetic hexapeptide; ghrelin / GHS-R1a receptor agonist

Synthetic hexapeptide; ghrelin / GHS-R1a receptor agonist; first characterized GHRP

Synthetic hexapeptide growth-hormone-releasing peptide (GHS-R1a agonist class)

Khavinson-tradition adrenal cortex bioregulator

Endogenous 33-residue intestinotrophic gut peptide; cleaved from proglucagon

Recombinant 29-residue glucagon peptide; native glucagon receptor agonist

Endogenous 30- or 31-residue intestinotrophic gut peptide (GLP-1(7-36)NH2 or GLP-1(7-37)); GLP-1R agonist

Tripeptide; endogenous antioxidant (not a classical peptide hormone)

Endogenous non-essential amino acid; NMDA glycine-binding site agonist

Native human gonadotropin-releasing hormone — decapeptide

Glycoprotein heterodimer — α-subunit (common to LH, FSH, TSH) plus hCG-specific β-subunit

Synthetic hexapeptide; INCI 'Hexapeptide-11'; anti-senescence cosmetic peptide

Synthetic hexapeptide; INCI 'Hexapeptide-40'; sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) activating cosmetic peptide

Synthetic hexapeptide; INCI 'Hexapeptide-44'; lamin B1 upregulating cosmetic peptide

Synthetic hexapeptide; potent ghrelin/GHS-R1a agonist; also CD36 ligand

Synthetic 16-residue C-terminal fragment of human growth hormone (residues 176-191); proposed lipolytic without GH-axis activation

Khavinson-tradition tripeptide (Lys-Glu-Asp); proposed lung tissue bioregulator

24-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within the MT-RNR2 gene

Modified IGF-1 analog with N-terminal extension and Arg-for-Glu substitution at position 3; reduced IGFBP affinity

Class page — recombinant human insulin and engineered analogs (rapid: lispro, aspart, glulisine; long: glargine, detemir, degludec; ultra-long: icodec)

Pentapeptide (Aib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH2) ghrelin / GHS-R1a receptor agonist

10-amino-acid C-terminal fragment of kisspeptin; KISS1R (GPR54) receptor agonist

Synthetic tripeptide — C-terminal fragment of α-MSH (residues 11-13)

Endogenous quaternary ammonium small molecule; mitochondrial fatty-acid transporter cofactor

Synthetic GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) superagonist — nonapeptide-amide

Reduced glutathione (GSH); endogenous tripeptide antioxidant (gamma-Glu-Cys-Gly)

Acylated GLP-1 receptor agonist; predecessor of semaglutide

Khavinson-tradition tetrapeptide (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala); proposed liver bioregulator

Synthetic 44-residue exendin-4 analog; short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist

37-amino-acid cationic antimicrobial peptide; human cathelicidin

Selective ileal bile acid transporter (IBAT/ASBT) inhibitor (small molecule)

Synthetic palmitoylated pentapeptide; INCI 'Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4'; collagen-stimulating cosmetic peptide

Dual GLP-1 / glucagon receptor agonist (Innovent Biologics + Eli Lilly co-development)

Synthetic cyclic heptapeptide analog of alpha-MSH; broad melanocortin receptor agonist

Synthetic alpha-MSH analog; cyclic 13-residue peptide; MC1R-selective melanocortin agonist

Biguanide-class oral antihyperglycaemic (small molecule); complex I inhibition; AMPK activator

Phenothiazine dye (small molecule); mitochondrial alternative electron carrier; MAO inhibitor at high doses

Synthetic peptide — C-terminal E-domain of the IGF-1Ec splice variant

Vasodilator small molecule; ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener

Non-peptide spiroindoline small molecule; oral ghrelin / GHS-R1a receptor agonist

Wakefulness-promoting agent (small molecule, sulfinyl class)

Endogenous 22-residue gut peptide; motilin receptor (MLNR/GPR38) agonist

16-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within the 12S rRNA gene

Heterogeneous class — soluble receptor decoys (ACE-031), monoclonal antibodies (domagrozumab, taldefgrobep), engineered peptide ligands. Vendor product chemistry is typically unspecified.

Synthetic myristoylated pentapeptide; INCI 'Myristoyl Pentapeptide-17'; eyelash growth cosmetic peptide

N-acetylated heptapeptide; Russian-origin nootropic; modified Selank for stability

Modified heptapeptide derivative of Semax (ACTH(4-10) analog); N-acetylated and C-amidated for stability

Endogenous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NAD+ research compound (injectable / IV)

Recombinant 32-residue B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP-32); NPR-A receptor agonist

Endogenous 36-residue hypothalamic neuropeptide; pancreatic polypeptide family; Y1-Y5 receptor agonist

Endogenous neurotrophin (beta-subunit homodimer of NGF complex); recombinant

Nicotinamide mononucleotide; NAD+ precursor (small molecule)

Synthetic peptide-derived nootropic (small molecule); cleaves to bioactive cyclic prolyl-glycine in vivo

Nicotinamide riboside; NAD+ precursor (small molecule)

Synthetic cyclic octapeptide analog of somatostatin; SSTR2/SSTR5 agonist

Oral small-molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist (Eli Lilly, biased)

Heterogeneous class — synthetic peptides typically 15-30 residues derived from BMP-2 or BMP-7 knuckle-epitope regions

Khavinson-tradition liver/ovarian bioregulator (Glu-Asp-Leu and related)

Endogenous 37-residue dual GLP-1 + glucagon receptor agonist; cleavage product of proglucagon

Nonapeptide (9 amino acids with disulfide bond); OT receptor agonist

Synthetic 11-residue peptide derived from a region of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF); proposed neurogenic and neuroprotective agent

Synthetic palmitoylated hexapeptide; INCI 'Palmitoyl Hexapeptide-12'; elastin-stimulating cosmetic peptide

Synthetic palmitoylated tetrapeptide; INCI 'Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7'; anti-inflammatory cosmetic peptide

Synthetic palmitoylated tripeptide; INCI 'Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1'; topicalised GHK (palmitoyl-glycyl-histidyl-lysine)

Synthetic palmitoylated tripeptide; INCI 'Palmitoyl Tripeptide-5'; TGF-β mimetic cosmetic peptide

Khavinson-tradition tetrapeptide (Lys-Glu-Asp-Trp); proposed pancreatic islet bioregulator

Multireceptor somatostatin analog; cyclohexapeptide; binds SSTR1, SSTR2, SSTR3, and SSTR5 with high affinity (broader profile than octreotide which is selective for SSTR2)

Arginate salt formulation of the BPC-157 pentadecapeptide sequence

Polydeoxyribonucleotide; salmon-DNA fragments (50 to 1500 base pairs typical); A2A adenosine receptor agonist

7-amino-acid fragment of B-cell-derived PEPITEM protein

PEGylated synthetic peptide (MGF E-domain 24mer with PEG conjugation; PEG MW unspecified by vendors)

Synthetic pentapeptide; INCI 'Pentapeptide-3'; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor blocker (topical)

Endogenous 36-residue peptide YY; pancreatic polypeptide family; Y2 receptor preferred (especially PYY 3-36)

GABA-B receptor agonist (small molecule, β-aryl-GABA derivative)

Synthetic tetrapeptide; Khavinson-tradition pineal bioregulator; sequence shared with Epitalon

Original racetam-class nootropic (small molecule, pyrrolidone derivative)

Synthetic 32-residue peptide combining an HDM-2 (MDM2) binding region from p53 with a membrane-residency leader; designed for tumour-selective membrane disruption

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (small molecule, redox cofactor); proposed mitochondrial biogenesis inducer

Synthetic amylin analog (37-residue, 3 amino-acid substitutions for solubility)

Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM); benzothiophene class

Macrolide mTOR inhibitor (small molecule); endogenously produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus

Triple agonist of GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors

Two-component blend — retatrutide (triple GLP-1/GIP/glucagon agonist) plus cagrilintide (long-acting amylin analog)

Two-component blend — retatrutide (triple GLP-1/GIP/glucagon agonist) plus tirzepatide (dual GLP-1/GIP agonist)

Synthetic snake-venom mimetic peptide; topical cosmetic

Endogenous 27-residue gut peptide; secretin receptor (SCTR) agonist; foundational discovery hormone (Bayliss & Starling 1902)

Synthetic heptapeptide Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro (stabilized analog of tuftsin)

Long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist

Synthetic heptapeptide Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro (stabilized ACTH(4-10) fragment analog)

Synthetic GHRH(1-29)-NH2 — minimum bioactive fragment of endogenous GHRH

Synthetic melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) selective agonist; cyclic 8-residue peptide

Khavinson-tradition joint cartilage bioregulator (AED variant)

Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitor; pyrazolopyrimidinone class

Synthetic CCK-8 octapeptide; CCK-A and CCK-B receptor agonist

Estrogen-related receptor (ERR) agonist (small molecule)

Synthetic acetylated octapeptide; INCI 'Acetyl Octapeptide-3'; SNARE complex / SNAP-25 mimic

Recombinant 191-amino-acid human growth hormone

Endogenous polyamine; autophagy inducer (small molecule)

Synthetic pentapeptide derived from splenin

REV-ERB nuclear receptor agonist (small molecule)

Synthetic mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that binds cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane

Endogenous undecapeptide; tachykinin family; NK1 receptor agonist

Dual GLP-1 / glucagon receptor agonist (Boehringer Ingelheim + Zealand Pharma)

Synthetic tripeptide; INCI 'Tripeptide-3'; beta-Ala-Pro-Dab-NHBn benzylamide; snake-venom (waglerin) mimetic

Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitor; β-carboline class

Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM); triphenylethylene class

Naturally occurring 43-amino-acid peptide (Tβ4); TB-500 often used commercially as a synonym though technically refers to a synthetic fragment

Recombinant analog of GLP-2; selective GLP-2 receptor agonist

Recombinant human parathyroid hormone amino acids 1-34

Stabilized human growth hormone-releasing hormone (1-44) analog

Two-component vendor blend — tesamorelin (long-acting GHRH analog) plus ipamorelin (selective GHS-R1a agonist hexapeptide)

Triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor (noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin)

Khavinson-tradition tetrapeptide (Lys-Glu-Asp-Gly); proposed thymus / immune bioregulator

Tetrahydrocurcumin-peptide hybrid conjugate (cosmetic)

Synthetic tetrapeptide; INCI 'Tetrapeptide-21'; photoaging-focused cosmetic peptide

Fractionated peptide complex (multiple low-MW thymic peptides; not a defined single molecule)

Synthetic dipeptide — L-glutamyl-L-tryptophan

28-amino-acid peptide derived from prothymosin alpha

Endogenous 43-residue actin-sequestering peptide; expressed by gene TMSB4X

9-amino-acid thymic peptide; biologically active only when bound to zinc

Dual GIP / GLP-1 receptor agonist

Endogenous tetrapeptide — produced by leukokininase cleavage of IgG Fc; synthesised commercially

Gut microbial metabolite of ellagitannins; mitophagy inducer (small molecule)

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; 28-residue secretin-family peptide; VPAC1/VPAC2 receptor agonist

Endogenous secreted glycoprotein growth factor; multiple isoforms (VEGF121, VEGF165, VEGF189, VEGF206 from alternative splicing)

Khavinson-tradition vascular bioregulator (KED-class variant)

Khavinson-tradition tripeptide (Lys-Glu-Asp); proposed vascular endothelium bioregulator

Khavinson-tradition dipeptide (Lys-Glu); proposed thymus / immunomodulating bioregulator

Khavinson-tradition testicular / reproductive bioregulator

Endogenous tridecapeptide derived from POMC processing; native melanocortin receptor agonist