Peptides›Sexual / hormonal›Gonadorelin

Gonadorelin

/ Native human gonadotropin-releasing hormone — decapeptide

TIER 1 · ClinicalN = 0 · TESTING PENDINGMW 1182.30 g·mol⁻¹

ALIAS · GnRH · LHRH · Lutrepulse (trade) · Factrel (trade) · Native gonadotropin-releasing hormone

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Research use onlyAny dose figures below describe what specific cited studies used, reported factually. Nothing on this page is guidance for human use.READ FIRST →

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§ A · Identity

Primary sequencepyroGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2

MW · 1182.30CLASS · Native human gonadotropin-releasing hormone — decapeptideCATEGORY · Sexual / hormonal

Tier 1. Native GnRH decapeptide — FDA-approved as Lutrepulse (pulsatile administration for primary hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) and Factrel (diagnostic for pituitary gonadotropin reserve). Distinct from the synthetic agonist analogs (leuprolide, goserelin) that produce sustained suppression rather than physiologic pulsatility.

§ B · Mechanism of action

Native GnRH binds GnRH receptors on pituitary gonadotropes. Pulsatile administration (mimicking endogenous hypothalamic pulse generator) drives physiologic LH and FSH release and downstream gonadal steroidogenesis. Continuous administration (the opposite of the native physiological pattern) produces receptor downregulation and gonadotropin suppression — the leuprolide/goserelin pharmacology.

§ C · Human clinical evidence

Tier 1. Pulsatile GnRH (Lutrepulse) is FDA-approved for primary hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in women, supporting follicular development and ovulation in patients with hypothalamic amenorrhea. Factrel is approved as a diagnostic test of pituitary gonadotropin reserve.

§ D · Primary literature

PubMed7962290Hall JE et al. — Potential for fertility with replacement of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone in long term female amenorrheic subjects · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · human-observationalLong-term pulsatile gonadorelin replacement restored ovulation and fertility in women with hypothalamic GnRH deficiency.Limitations: Single-centre observational cohort of a rare condition; not a randomised comparison.1994

PubMed3931190Crowley WF et al. — The physiology of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion in men and women · Recent Progress in Hormone Research · reviewEstablished the pulsatile pattern of endogenous GnRH secretion and the therapeutic principle of pulsatile exogenous GnRH for ovulation induction in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea.Limitations: Single-centre observational data; preceded modern assay sensitivity.1985

PubMed3082615Santoro N et al. — Hypogonadotropic disorders in men and women: diagnosis and therapy with pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone · Endocrine Reviews · reviewReviewed clinical use of pulsatile gonadorelin to restore fertility in hypothalamic hypogonadism in both sexes.Limitations: Narrative review of investigator-led case series rather than RCT data.1986

§ F · Safety signal

Pulsatile administration mimics physiology and is well tolerated in the approved indications. Class concerns about ovarian hyperstimulation are lower with pulsatile GnRH than with exogenous gonadotropins.

§ H · Regulatory status

Regulatory status

FDA status:: FDA-approved

§ I · Notable gaps and controversies

Vendor-sold 'gonadorelin' is sometimes marketed for off-label indications including male HPG-axis stimulation (TRT alternative or PCT). The pulsatile-administration requirement that makes the FDA-approved Lutrepulse use clinically tractable is rarely replicated in research/vendor protocols, which typically use intermittent SC injection without true pulsatility.